Software Crafting

How to Learn RAG: Build a Retrieval-Augmented Generation Pipeline

BBadal SinghAI Engineering12 min read13 Aug 2026
Documents flowing through embeddings and vector retrieval into an AI response

TL;DR: RAG is a data pipeline, not just a prompt. Learn ingestion, chunking, embeddings, vector search, context assembly, citations, evaluation, and failure handling in that order.

Start with a Narrow Corpus

Use a small set of stable documents such as product policies or engineering notes. Extract text, preserve metadata, split it into meaningful chunks, and make the process repeatable.

Make Retrieval Inspectable

Store document identifiers and chunk metadata with each vector. During development, show which chunks were retrieved and why. If retrieval is wrong, changing the prompt will not fix the system.

Add Answer Quality Checks

Create questions with expected sources, then measure retrieval recall, citation correctness, answer relevance, latency, and cost. Include questions whose answers are absent from the corpus.

Production Concerns

Plan for stale documents, permissions, prompt injection, empty retrieval, model timeouts, and sensitive data. A trustworthy RAG system can say that its source material does not contain an answer.

About the author

Badal Singh

Co-founder of SoftwareCrafting

Badal Singh is the Co-founder of SoftwareCrafting in Delhi and writes technical guides about web and mobile development, backend security, cloud infrastructure, DevOps, and developer tooling.

Writes about Next.js, React, Node.js, PostgreSQL, React Native, Flutter.

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Last updated: 2026-08-13